Lead poisoning hits low-income children harder than their affluent neighbors | Salon.com

Lead poisoning hits low-income children harder than their affluent neighbors | Salon.com

Lead poisoning hits low-income children harder than their affluent neighbors
Children from low-income families may be more susceptible to toxic environmental hazards such as lead exposure

In 1904, John Lockhart Gibson, an Australian ophthalmologist, published a study blaming lead present in paint as the reason for impaired eye motion and sight in children. More than 100 years later, lead is now known as one of the most toxic and harmful environmental insults to humans, particularly to children. A new study published in Nature Medicine on Monday shows that two factors — lead exposure and poverty — may be interacting to further impair cognition and brain development in children.

Lead accumulation leads to lead poisoning, which can include symptoms like abdominal pain, headache, anemia, kidney dysfunction, and memory problems in adults. But, unfortunately, as Gibson saw a century ago, the highest risk of lead poisoning falls on children. Children's growing bodies absorb more lead and, due to their exploratory nature, they tend to come into contact more with their surroundings, which potentially exposes them more.

Lead poisoning in children sets off a cascade of negative behavioral outcomes, including learning problems, hearing loss, and intellectual impairment, all linked to impaired brain development. Adults who were exposed to lead during their childhood have decreased brain volume, specifically in areas that are in charge of executive functions and decision-making such as the prefrontal cortex.

However, other factors also affect brain development, among them socioeconomic status. For example, socioeconomic status plays an important role in determining cognitive performance in children.

The study, led by Elizabeth Sowell, Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Southern California, used data CONTINUE READING: Lead poisoning hits low-income children harder than their affluent neighbors | Salon.com