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Wednesday, July 22, 2020

Five (Conservative) Ideas about Going Back to School in the Fall | Teacher in a strange land

Five (Conservative) Ideas about Going Back to School in the Fall | Teacher in a strange land

Five (Conservative) Ideas about Going Back to School in the Fall





Could you give us some of your wisdom?
Hard to turn down a request like that, from a friend. This particular friend created a freebie news magazine for parents 20 years ago, filled with local ads and feature stories. It’s professionally assembled and well-known locally—and has just shifted to a glossy online platform. And now, my friend needed some contagion-relevant content for the August issue. Topic: Going back to school. In a pandemic.
Well, I could write about that. Then she said: Remember—nothing political! This has to be advice that will comfort parents and not be considered at all controversial.
One of the reasons I left a national blog perch with a paywall and started my own blog was so I could write about all kinds of juicy and controversial things and Say What I Really Thought. It’s been fun, and the juiciest and most controversial blogs have drawn the most traffic.
But hey. I’m flexible. Besides, I was a public school teacher for 31 years, in a district filled with conservative, traditional parents. I can do middle-of-the-road careful; I can offer up sensible advice while not honking anybody off, too much.
This is what I came up with—five non-controversial ideas for parents about how to approach our eventual return to school, whether that’s next month or next year. Your mileage may vary, of course.

Ten things parents should do to help schools safely reopen - The Washington Post

Ten things parents should do to help schools safely reopen - The Washington Post

Ten things parents could and should do to help schools safely reopen




There are a mountain of stories every day about what schools and districts have to do to reopen schools in a manner deemed safe for the 2020-21 year.
Schools and districts are, for example, spending enormous amounts of money to buy masks to give students and teachers, thermometers to take temperatures of kids before they walk onto a bus or into a classroom, and other protective equipment.
Much of what is being done seems to assume these things will not be done at home — and that is the subject of this piece. Written by Mary Filardo, an education advocate and expert on schools facilities, it recommends 10 things parents can be ready and able to do to support the safe reopening of their children’s schools.
Filardo is a leading national authority on school facility planning, management and public private development. She has written extensively on public school facility issues and developed software to support long-range facilities master planning.
Filardo founded and serves as executive director of the 21st Century School Fund, which provides the District of Columbia and other urban communities with leadership, innovative financing solutions, research, and public policy analysis of school facility issues. She also founded the Building Educational Success Together collaborative, a learning community of urban education reform organizations dedicated to building the public will and capacity to improve urban school facilities so they support high-quality education and community health.
By Mary Filardo
Our nation’s public schools are by far one of the most important places to reopen during the covid-19 pandemic. Millions of children have fallen behind in their education as a result of the pandemic. In some cases, as much as seven months of learning has been lost. And, with nearly 50 million children in public schools each day across the country, without schools opening, parents and guardians cannot get CONTINUE READING: Ten things parents should do to help schools safely reopen - The Washington Post

Dave Grohl: Teachers Deserve a Better Plan - The Atlantic

Dave Grohl: Teachers Deserve a Better Plan - The Atlantic

In Defense of Our Teachers
When it comes to the daunting question of reopening schools, America’s educators deserve a plan, not a trap




I hate to break it to you, but I was a terrible student.
Each day, I desperately waited for the final bell to ring so that I could be released from the confines of my stuffy, windowless classroom and run home to my guitar. It was no fault of the Fairfax County Public Schools system, mind you; it did the best it could. I was just stubbornly disengaged, impeded by a raging case of ADD and an insatiable desire to play music. Far from being a model student, I tried my best to maintain focus, but eventually left school halfway through 11th grade to follow my dreams of becoming a professional touring musician (not advised). I left behind countless missed opportunities. To this day, I’m haunted by a recurring dream that I’m back in those crowded hallways, now struggling to graduate as a 51-year-old man, and anxiously wake in a pool of my own sweat. You can take the boy out of school, but you can’t take school out of the boy! So, with me being a high-school dropout, you would imagine that the current debate surrounding the reopening of schools wouldn’t register so much as a blip on my rock-and-roll radar, right? Wrong.
My mother was a public-school teacher.
As a single mother of two, she tirelessly devoted her life to the service of others, both at home and at work. From rising before dawn to ensure that my sister and I were bathed, dressed, and fed in time to catch the bus to grading papers well into the night, long after her dinner had gone cold, she rarely had a moment to herself. All this while working multiple jobs to supplement her meager $35,000 annual salary. Bloomingdale’s, Servpro, SAT prep, GED prep—she even once coached soccer for a $400 stipend, funding our first family trip to New York City, where we stayed at the St. Regis Hotel and ordered drinks at its famous King Cole Bar so that we could fill up on the free hors d'oeuvres we otherwise could not afford. Unsurprisingly, her devoted CONTINUE CONTINUE READING: Dave Grohl: Teachers Deserve a Better Plan - The Atlantic

John Thompson: Save My Former Student’s Life

John Thompson: Save My Former Student’s Life | Diane Ravitch's blog

John Thompson: Save My Former Student’s Life


John Thompson, historian and retired teacher in Oklahoma, makes an urgent appeal to save the life of his former student Julius Jones.
He writes:
I just watched the rebroadcast of ABC’s “20 20” documentary, “The Last Defense,” about my former student, Julius Jones, who is on Death Row even though he’s probably innocent. It was an abridged version that left time to update the case’s developments over the last two years. It refuted the claims at a recent press conference by Oklahoma Attorney General Robert Hunter that the evidence still says that Jones murdered Paul Howell in front of his children, while carjacking his Suburban. (I also appeared in the documentary.)
As I will explain, there is no hard evidence that Jones committed the crime, and there is plenty of evidence that my other former student, Chris “Westside” Jordan shot Mr. Howell. Closing a documentary which revealed glaring miscarriages of justice, the producer, Scott Budrick says, “I don’t think there is anyone … who can say Julius Jones received a fair trial.”
The criminal justice system has always been torn between the ideal that the defendant is “innocent until proven guilty,” and the prosecutors’ real world commitment to winning. Individual district attorneys operate in a system where 90% or more of cases must be settled with a plea bargain. If fairness was the overriding principle, too many defendants would go to trial and the system would be overwhelmed.
The juxtaposition of A.G. Hunter’s attack on the “Justice for Julius” movement and “The Last Defense,” with the outrages revealed in the documentary, leads me back to the belief that district attorneys like the late “Cowboy Bob” Macy are a huge problem. The even bigger problem isn’t the individual prosecutors, but how the system creates a law enforcement culture where winning is the priority.
For instance, A.G. Hunter has been very effective in presenting the case, as it existed in 2002, against Jones. There is nothing wrong with Hunter visiting with the Howell family and, like the defendants repeatedly have, saying that the family’s suffering must be acknowledged. And trial attorneys routinely cross that line with emotional arguments personalizing the case, as opposed to presenting evidence in a balanced manner.
However, Hunter went too far when he told the press conference, “I’m here today as an advocate for the late Paul Howell and his family … They are the victims in this case, make no mistake about it, and the pain of their loss is revisited with each misguided public appeal on Mr. Jones’ behalf.”
Then Hunter skillfully repeated the evidence that was presented to the jury and subsequent appeals judges. As the defense acknowledged, if that was all that was known about the horrific murder, a guilty verdict would be understandable. The problem is that the attorney general, being a loyal team member, ignores the large body of evidence that has been discovered and compiled over the last decade.
Moreover, Hunter released the trial transcript, but he didn’t seek to release the evidence which mattered the most – the prosecution’s trial record file.
And that leads to the reason why Jones is on Death Row. The high-profile investigation was guided by two police informants, who were both facing long sentences for other crimes.
The experienced prosecutors skillfully appealed to the jurors’ emotions. I doubt the district attorney’s office was surprised to hear the jury foreman tell “20 20” that, in a case like that one, you “go with your heart more than anything else.” The juror trusted “what you felt in your gut.” When delivering the verdict, the juror “felt right.”
Jones and his attorneys had always admitted that he had not been perfect, and he had committed nonviolent offences. But Hunter said that Jones’ “criminal history was replete with the use and threat of violence: armed robbery, carjackings, assault.”
Jones had not been charged with such crimes, and the D.A. never proved these cases against Jones in court. Instead, they were brought up in the sentencing phase where the state can simply say that Jones did this, he did that, without proof. This is because such claims do not need to have been proven. It is a typical tactic that prosecutors use to frighten juries into imposing the death penalty. If the State had the evidence of violent offenses, the defense asks, why didn’t it file charges back in 1999? Twenty-one years later the A.G. is throwing this out there, trying to make it stick.
The State eventually agreed to a DNA test of a bandanna that was found wrapped around the apparent murder weapon in the Jones’ family home. A.G. Hunter argues that “the major component of the DNA profile matched Jones.” But, Dr. Eli Shapiro did a more complete and nuanced analysis. Seven of the 21 genetic markers were found to be consistent with Jones’ DNA. The Jones defense notes that the finding doesn’t “constitute a match under law enforcement standards.” Moreover, no saliva DNA was found on the bandanna, as would be expected after the gunman shouted into it as the eyewitness testified to at trial.
The biggest problem with the State’s claim is that Jordan came by the Jones’ house the day after the murder, said he was locked out of his grandmother’s house, and spent the night sleeping upstairs where he could have easily planted the bandanna and the gun. And when the police searched the Jones’ house, Jordan was in a police car outside, so he could direct them toward the evidence.
In other words, had all of this DNA evidence been presented at trial, it would not have incriminated Jones in a trial where he was considered “innocent until proven guilty.”
“The Last Defense” includes statements by his public defender, who was inexperienced in murder trials and who acknowledged that he did a “terrible job” of cross examining Chris Jordan, who repeatedly contradicted himself when fingering Julius as the murderer.
The jury did not hear statements by two inmates who said that co-defendant Jordan bragged about the killing and the deal he made to get out of prison in 15 years. Jordon, in fact, was released 15 years into his 30 year sentence.
Neither did the defense attorney call Jones’ family to the stand even though they would have testified that he was visiting their home until about 9:30, the time when the murder was committed in Edmond. His current attorneys explain:
Julius’s trial lawyers claim in sworn affidavits in 2004 that they delegated the investigation of the alibi to an investigator who was untrained and unqualified. This investigator never provided written or taped notes of his supposed alibi investigation
Neither did the Jones defense do an adequate job of distinguishing between Jones, who was photographed just before and just after the murder with close-cropped hair. The witness, Megan Tobey, testified that the shooter had “a half an inch to an inch” of hair sticking out of the bandanna. This is crucial because Jones had close-cropped hair that didn’t fit such a description. Hunter indicates that the defense claimed that the witness said the shooter had “cornrows.” But the Jones defense position is:
She did not testify, as the AG’s Statement misrepresents, that the shooter did not have braids or corn rows. Ms. Tobey also specifically affirmed that the shooter had hair sticking out from both sides and about a half an inch.
Moreover, the defense attorney did not stress the point of how important that testimony was in terms of incriminating Jordan, not Jones.
Finally, at least one juror heard a fellow juror say, “Well, they should just take that n—– out back, shoot him and bury him under the jail.” The juror told the judge about the comments the following day, but the juror was not removed, supposedly because the judge was not told that the N-word was used.
As I rethink the Julius Jones case, and the district attorney’s response, I recall the 1980s when I was a legal historian and when violence in Oklahoma City was so much worse than we could imagine today. Back then, I was one of many who was cautiously optimistic when Bob Macy took office.
My research had focused on Oklahoma County from the 1960s to the 1990s. Clearly, the War on Drugs undermined the progress which I had witnessed. Despite my intense involvement with the inner city, and seeing many abuses of power, it never occurred to me that law enforcement in 1999 could resemble the brutality of 1969. I’m now shocked that today’s prosecutors, who in my experience want to distance themselves from the corrupt violence of Jim Crow Oklahoma, are still refusing to break with the system of the past which deprived Julius Jones of a fair trial.


During either era, however, the publicity that accompanies capital crimes means that death penalty cases bring out the worst in the system. But, this is not 1999 or 2002 when Jones faced trial. We now know far more about the facts regarding that horrible murder and biased prosecution. Because of longstanding practices and the 1980s and 1990s “reforms,” designed to get tougher on crime by undermining defendants’ rights, no jurors, and few or no judges, have looked at the whole story. Julius Jones’ life now depends on the Pardon and Parole Board and the Governor, and whether a majority will commit to justice for Julius, taking a step toward a criminal justice system worthy of our democracy. 
Diane Ravitch's blog | A site to discuss better education for all

School staff must be ensured safety in school reopening plans

School staff must be ensured safety in school reopening plans

School reopening plans must ensure safety of custodians, cafeteria workers, bus drivers and substitutes
We need millions more from the federal government to protect the most vulnerable school staff if we’re going to keep everyone safe in schools


“Students want and need to come back to school,” Kimberly Martin, a principal of Woodrow Wilson High School in Washington, D.C. told me last week. Martin explained that although social distancing may reduce exposure to coronavirus it also distances children from services and supports that are critical to their wellbeing.
As an example, Martin told of a student in special education who returned to Wilson High for support when he was confused about how to obtain a necessary work permit for a new job.
“After he met with me and the social worker to address the work permit issue, I saw him just hanging around the school staff, and I realized how much he missed them.” Martin added, “Many students miss the network of adults that provide their needs, including teachers, custodians, social workers and all non-instructional staff.”
If there is one lesson the coronavirus has taught us, it’s that when our neighbors are sick, we are vulnerable. Therefore, keeping children safe requires that we safeguard all who are the least protected. That means prioritizing the protection of essential workers who are not regular, full-time teachers too.
Society needs schools to open even as this pandemic rages, for both children’s academic and social needs. Schools are also a critical cog in the machine that is the U.S. economy. Many workers, whether they’re construction workers, nurses, teachers or grocery clerks, can’t easily leave CONTINUE READING: School staff must be ensured safety in school reopening plans

Educators Prepare for Reopening with Living Wills and Life Insurance

Educators Prepare for Reopening with Living Wills and Life Insurance

Educators Prepare for Reopening with Living Wills and Life Insurance




As school districts and college campuses get ready for the school year, and as COVID-19 cases rise across the U.S., anxious educators have a message for administratorhttp://neatoday.org/wp-admin/upload.phps and lawmakers: We want to teach our students, but we don’t want to die doing it.
“I want to be in my class, teaching them and getting to know them. But, for me, it’s far more important for everybody to be safe, and I don’t think they can guarantee that,” says Shaela Rieker, a fourth-grade Washington teacher. In anticipation of returning to school this fall, Rieker, the sole income-provider in her family, recently updated her will and increased her life-insurance coverage, saying, “it would be irresponsible of me not to.”
Many states and school districts are listening. From Maryland to California, lawmakers or school officials have said they will begin the school year with distance learning, or delay the start of school until infection rates decrease. Other governors, such as in Florida, continue to bow and scrape for President Trump and Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos, who threatened to withhold federal funds from districts that don’t physically open their doors every day for every student.
In Florida on Monday, the day after a 51-year-old Pasco County sixth-grade teacher died from COVID-19, the Florida Education Association (FEA) filed a lawsuit on behalf of educators and parents, seeking to block Gov. Ron DeSantis’ emergency CONTINUE READING: Educators Prepare for Reopening with Living Wills and Life Insurance

Public Schools Can’t Open Safely Unless Congress Provides Fiscal Relief | janresseger

Public Schools Can’t Open Safely Unless Congress Provides Fiscal Relief | janresseger

Public Schools Can’t Open Safely Unless Congress Provides Fiscal Relief




Back in session this week following a two-week, July 4th recess, Congress must now pass emergency fiscal relief for states and local school districts to make it safe for students and their teachers to return to school this fall. To rescue school districts whose funding has already begun to erode as the recession has undermined state budgets, more federal dollars are necessary even to ensure that school systems can operate hybrid, in-person/online school opening plans—bringing in students on a staggered schedule two or three days each week to protect social distancing in classrooms and on buses.
President Donald Trump has demanded that all schools open full-time, five days a week for every student.  A new report from the American Federation of Teachers explains why such an expectation is dangerously unrealistic, especially considering that any money appropriated in late July or early August won’t arrive soon enough for school districts to repair ventilation systems, secure temporary portable classroom space, or hire a sufficient number of teachers to divide all classes in half: “Take a look at what it would cost just to do what Trump wants: fully accommodating every child in public schools for face-to-face instruction.  Assuming virus spread is tackled so that the infection rate is low enough that experts deem it safe, and assuming there are ongoing testing and contact tracing protocols, it would potentially require a half-trillion dollars to safely reopen public schools at that scale.  That means 47 percent more classrooms to ensure that students are 6 feet apart.  And it means as many as 47 percent more instructors, which would cost approximately $140 billion in salary and benefits.  If half of those additional teachers required portable classrooms, it might cost more than $115 billion…  Even if there were political will to spend that money, we have already missed the chance to make the broadest progress toward that goal, with no way to find the teachers, the classroom capacity, or the buses needed by the time fall semester starts.  The call to do this is unserious and deters from what can be done, which is to provide supports for the fullest and CONTINUE READING: Public Schools Can’t Open Safely Unless Congress Provides Fiscal Relief | janresseger

Mr. G for District 3: Chris Guerrieri's Education Matters: Greene's apathy towards teachers is disturbing (draft)

Mr. G for District 3: Chris Guerrieri's Education Matters: Greene's apathy towards teachers is disturbing (draft)

Greene's apathy towards teachers is disturbing (draft)




I would like you to listen to the 1:06-1:10 mark of the meeting. There Superintendent Greene answers the question, if there was no executive order what would she do, start with distance learning, go with a hybrid, or something else.

https://www.facebook.com/watchparty/593166871393231/?entry_source=USER_TIMELINE

She says she would still push for a hybrid, pointing out we have 1000s of students, who need brick and mortar and her first reason was that we provide food.

Forgive me but didn't we provide food when we shut down in the spring?

She then talks about students who were lagging behind pre-COVID and is concerned they might have fallen even farther behind.

This is a concern we all have but where some of us disagree is we would rather make distance learning better rather than risk their, their teacher, and their family's lives.

She continues saying there is nothing better than a high-quality teacher engaging students face to face and again, here is some common ground, just many of us don't want to risk our lives to do it and sadly she admits she is all too willing to.

She is basically saying risking lives is worth mitigating learning losses. I disagree because the truth is if we CONTINUE READING: 
Mr. G for District 3: Chris Guerrieri's Education Matters: Greene's apathy towards teachers is disturbing (draft)


Discussing Safety while Looking at Educational Justice and Equality | JD2718

Discussing Safety while Looking at Educational Justice and Equality | JD2718

Discussing Safety while Looking at Educational Justice and Equality



My primary focus for the last few days, weeks, months, has been safety. And Black Lives Matter. And the pandemic. But for the last few days, as the NYC Department of Education has issued directives that they have mislabeled “plans,” it has been just safety.
A friend asked me to reframe the conversation in a way to bring the needs of vulnerable children forward
How do we effectively manage for safety concerns while ensuring the most vulnerable learners actually get an education?…Some of our students, they are not learning for a myriad of reasons. And, some are.  We are framing the conversation without holding the most vulnerable learners in mind and merely thinking about safety but from our personal perspective. That will get us to a flawed system.
I think she was right. And as I began to talk to teachers I found quite a few who agreed – not close to the majority though. And the trickiest part? There’s no space. There’s no DoE or UFT fostering these kinds of discussions. We need this space to exist. Or we need to create it. I’m not sure how.
In any case, a tremendous contribution to this discussion came across my desktop yesterday. I am sharing excerpts below, and the whole thing is linked here.
The title is “A Teacher’s Response to Medical Health Guidelines around Re-opening Schools” and it is by CONTINUE READING: Discussing Safety while Looking at Educational Justice and Equality | JD2718

No State Has Met CDC Guidelines for Steadily-Decreasing COVID Cases, So Let’s Open Schools. | deutsch29

No State Has Met CDC Guidelines for Steadily-Decreasing COVID Cases, So Let’s Open Schools. | deutsch29

No State Has Met CDC Guidelines for Steadily-Decreasing COVID Cases, So Let’s Open Schools



Opening school buildings at this point nationwide represents different levels of crazy across the country.
Coronavirus is on the rise across the nation, and it is certainly more than “just the flu.” The virus is a crap shoot for those who contract it. Maybe they will show no symptoms. Maybe they will be mildly ill. Maybe they will suffer with it for a month or more or have to live with some sort of diminished capacity (see here and here and here, also. Or maybe they will die.
The flu kills between 12K and 61K Americans annually. COVID-19 has already killed over 140K Americans in roughly five months (March to July 2020).
Teachers are Americans.
As of this writing, no state has met the May 2020 Center for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines for moving into Phase 1 (“Downward trajectory or near-zero incidence of documented cases over a 14-day period) muct less the additional criteria for entering Phase 2 (“Downward trajectory or near-zero incidence of documented cases for at least 14 days after entering Phase 1).
That’s 28 days of supposed “downward trajectory” prior to entering Phase 2, and that assumes increased testing.
Also in phase 2, COVID-19 test results are supposed to be available in three days CONTINUE READING: No State Has Met CDC Guidelines for Steadily-Decreasing COVID Cases, So Let’s Open Schools. | deutsch29

Finally Integrating Public Education Is All The Reparations We Need - Perdaily.com

Finally Integrating Public Education Is All The Reparations We Need - Perdaily.com

Finally Integrating Public Education Is All The Reparations We Need



Finally integrating and raising the academic level of all our schools- public and private- is all the reparations we as a people would need for this country to finally reach its potential for ALL our people. As superb writer and intellect James Baldwin and many others have known for generations, an "educated people, of any color, are so extremely rare that it is unquestionably one of the first tasks of a nation to open all of its schools to all of its citizens."


We did this historically with the unprecedented opening of our schools early on in our country's history for our European "huddled masses yearning to be free." But what we didn't anticipate was that these once European downtrodden peasant dreamers would then turn around and do to Africans, Latinos, and other minorities, what had once been done to them in Europe- in aid of nurturing their own now inflated egos and feelings of superiority. They now saw themselves as the new American ruling class, even though they were now objectively and regrettably no different than the earlier European incarnation they and their ancestors had once despised, suffered under, and  CONTINUE READINGFinally Integrating Public Education Is All The Reparations We Need - Perdaily.com


Contact your legislators now – schools desperately need funding to reopen safely next fall! | Class Size Matters


Contact your legislators now – schools desperately need funding to reopen safely next fall!






Last week, Governor Cuomo, the State Department of Health, and the NY State Education Department all came out with detailed guidance on what measures schools should take to reopen in the fall to ensure health and safety as well as provide instructional and emotional support to their students. If the COVID positivity rates of all regions of the state remain under 5%, as they do currently, schools will be eligible to reopen if they adopt the recommended protocols.
Yet nothing was said in these documents about how schools can afford the expensive health and safety measures, as well as the extra staffing and space necessary to keep students engaged in learning while attending school in person in shifts to ensure social distancing.
As the National Academy of Sciences pointed out, “Many of the mitigation strategies currently under consideration (such as limiting classes to small cohorts of students or implementing physical distancing between students and staff) require substantial reconfiguring of space, purchase of additional equipment, adjustments to staffing patterns, and upgrades to school buildings. The financial costs of consistently implementing a number of potential mitigation strategies is considerable.”
Our schools’ desperate need for more funding has been aggravated by the fact that Governor Cuomo hijacked the extra dollars that funded by Congress in the CARES ACT to fill holes in state aid, instead of sending these funds to schools to help them deal with the additional expenses caused by the COVID crisis.
Now is the time for the Governor and our State Legislators to stand up for our schools and protect our children by providing them with the funds that are badly needed. They could do that easily by boosting taxes on the ultra-wealthy,  including the Ultra-millionaires Tax (S.8164 / A.10364) on residents who earn above $5 million annually; or above $1 million annually (S.7378/A.10363)and the Pied-a-terre Tax (S.44 / AA.4540)a surcharge on non-primary residences worth over $5 million.
There is no doubt that the ultra-wealthy can afford this. In NY State, 118 billionaires saw their wealth increase by $77.3 billion during first three months of the pandemic. Michael Bloomberg saw his net worth increase by $12 billion during this period alone.  All New Yorkers, including the ultra-wealthy, need to pitch in during this time of need, to ensure the health, safety and education of our kids. Below are links to your Legislators’ contact information and a script you can use. They are back in session today.
Thanks Leonie
Directions: Call your Legislators in their district offices – unless their phones are busy and then please call their Albany offices.
Script: Hi, my name is ________ and I am a constituent.
Our public schools desperately need more state aid to deal with the pandemic. I want to urge [Elected Name] to support the Fund Our Future package, including the Ultra-Millionaires Tax, the Billionaire Tax Shelter Tax and the Pied-a-terre Tax, so our kids can attend school safely next year. Can I count on [Elected Name] to sign onto these bills, and to ask the Legislative leaders to bring them to a vote?
Afterwards, if you have time, please enter their responses into our Google form here. Thanks!
Contact your legislators now – schools desperately need funding to reopen safely next fall! | Class Size Matters  | A clearinghouse for information on class size & the proven benefits of smaller classes