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*Defeating the Purpose of Education*
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[image: colorful classroom pattern]
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A new Commissioner will have as much impact on our state ed system as a new
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Originally posted on Creative by Nature:
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The MAP Test
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tentatively agreed upon. I am asking all teachers to not allow an
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US DEPT. OF EDUCATION SENDS MISSOURI CHARTER SCHOOL CHAIN A 36 MILLION STARTUP MONEY BOMB
In a move that has left Missouri public schools reeling, the Biden Department of Education has sent a charter school startup money bomb to the Opportunity Trust education reform group in St. Louis. With $35.6 million in federal grant money, the Opportunity Trust plans to open 16 charter schools over the next five years, serving an additional 5,000 students.
While some may see this as a positive step towards improving education in Missouri, others are concerned that the proliferation of charter schools will only hasten the destruction of the state's public school system. But let's be real, who needs public schools when you can have charter schools, right?
Charter schools are publicly funded but operate independently of school districts, which means they get all the benefits of public funding without any pesky oversight. And who doesn't love a good loophole?
The Opportunity Trust is a nonprofit intermediary that is committed to bringing about transformative, system-level change in education in St. Louis. But let's be honest, with $35.6 million in federal grant money, they could probably bring about transformative, system-level change in just about anything. Can we get some of that money for a nonprofit intermediary dedicated to bringing about transformative, system-level change in our Netflix binges?
But back to the charter schools. The Department of Education awards Charter Schools Program (CSP) grants to help open new charter schools or replicate and expand high-quality charter schools. And let's be real, what's more high-quality than a school that operates with minimal oversight and accountability?
The CSP has provided more than $6 billion to charters since its inception 27 years ago. That's a lot of money for schools that are supposed to be operating independently of school districts. But hey, who needs accountability when you have federal funding?
During Biden's term, the U.S. Department of Education has requested and received $440 million from Congress for the CSP grant every fiscal year. That's a lot of money for schools that are supposed to be independent. It's almost like they're not really independent at all.
But don't worry, the government has done its due diligence. GAO's analysis found that charter schools that received CSP awards closed at lower rates than similar charter schools that did not receive an award between fiscal years 2006 and 2020. So, if you're worried about your charter school closing down, just make sure you get a CSP award.
However, about 14 percent of charter schools that received CSP State awards closed or never opened between fiscal years 2006 and 2020. But hey, that's just 638 schools that received about $152 million (8 percent) of the approximately $2 billion provided in CSP State awards during that period. That's not so bad, right?
In all seriousness, the proliferation of charter schools is a serious issue that deserves more scrutiny. While some charter schools may be successful, many have failed due to academic or financial issues. And let's not forget that charter schools siphon off resources from public schools, which are already struggling to provide quality education to students.
So, while the Opportunity Trust may be committed to bringing about transformative, system-level change in education in St. Louis, let's hope they're also committed to ensuring that all students have access to quality education, regardless of whether they attend a charter school or a public school. Because at the end of the day, education is too important to be left to chance. Or to federal funding loopholes.
The federal funding for charter schools by the year, based on the web search results I found.
- Charter schools are publicly funded, semi-autonomous schools of choice that are governed by independent organizations².
- The Department of Education awards Charter Schools Program (CSP) grants to help open new charter schools or replicate and expand high-quality charter schools, among other things².
- The CSP has provided more than $6 billion to charters since its inception 27 years ago⁴.
- The CSP has several grant programs, such as the State Educational Agencies/State Entities (CSP State) program, which is the largest one¹².
- The CSP State program provides funds to states to award subgrants to eligible applicants to open and prepare for the operation of new charter schools, replicate high-quality charter schools, or expand high-quality charter schools¹.
- The table below shows the funding for new awards and continuation awards for the CSP State program from fiscal year 2017 to fiscal year 2022³.
| Fiscal Year | Funding for New Awards | Funding for Continuation Awards |
| FY 2022 | $60,202,659 | $154,894,184 |
| FY 2021 | $0 | $220,842,582 |
| FY 2020 | $81,696,397 | $132,251,030 |
| FY 2019 | $25,840,123 | $190,756,628 |
| FY 2018 | $77,790,768 | $120,005,992 |
| FY 2017 | $144,680,792 | $17,864,270 |
- During Biden's term, the U.S. Department of Education has requested and received $440 million from Congress for the CSP grant every fiscal year⁵. That request is in line with the expanded federal funding under former President Donald Trump, which steadily increased from $342 million in 2017 to $440 million by 2020⁵.
- GAO's analysis found that charter schools that received CSP awards closed at lower rates than similar charter schools that did not receive an award between fiscal years 2006 and 2020². For example, within five years after receiving CSP awards, CSP-recipient charters schools were about 1.5 times less likely to close than similar non-CSP charter schools—with an estimated 1.4 percent and 2.3 percent closing, respectively².
- However, about 14 percent of charter schools (638 schools) that received CSP State awards closed or never opened between fiscal years 2006 and 2020². These 638 schools received about $152 million (8 percent) of the approximately $2 billion provided in CSP State awards during that period².
Bing, 9/30/2023
(1) K-12 Education: Charter Schools That Received Federal Funding to Open .... https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-23-105616.
(2) Explained: What Is the Federal Charter Schools Program? - Ed Post. https://www.edpost.com/explainer/explained-what-is-the-federal-charter-schools-program.
(3) Charter School Programs - Office of Elementary and Secondary Education. https://oese.ed.gov/offices/office-of-discretionary-grants-support-services/charter-school-programs/.
(4) Funding and Legislation - Office of Elementary and Secondary Education. https://oese.ed.gov/offices/office-of-discretionary-grants-support-services/charter-school-programs/state-entities/funding-and-legislation/.
(5) Charter school funding remains steady for second year under Biden. https://www.k12dive.com/news/charter-school-funding-flat-under-Biden-FY-23/640509/.
JUSTICE FOR TUPAC: DUANE 'KEFFE D' DAVIS HAS BEEN INDICTED FOR THE MURDER OF TUPAC SHAKUR
The world of hip-hop has been rocked by the recent news that Duane "Keffe D" Davis, a former gang leader, has been indicted for the murder of Tupac Shakur. The 1996 drive-by shooting of the rapper has remained one of the most enduring mysteries in music history, with countless theories and speculations surrounding the identity and motive of the shooter. But now, it seems that justice may finally be served.
Davis was arrested while out on a walk near his home in Henderson, a Las Vegas suburb, and charged with one count of murder with a deadly weapon in affiliation with a criminal gang. He is alleged to have been the "on-ground, on-site commander" who "ordered the death" of Shakur "for the purpose of seeking retribution". The arrest comes two months after police raided the home of Davis's wife, Paula Clemons, looking for items "concerning the murder of Tupac Shakur".
For those who may not be familiar with the case, Tupac Shakur was a famous rapper and actor who was shot four times in a drive-by shooting on September 7, 1996, in Las Vegas, Nevada. He died six days later at the age of 25. The shooting occurred after Shakur and his entourage, including Death Row Records CEO Marion "Suge" Knight, attended a Mike Tyson boxing match at the MGM Grand hotel. A fight broke out between Shakur's associates and Orlando "Baby Lane" Anderson, a member of the rival Southside Crips gang, in the lobby of the hotel.
Shakur and Knight left the hotel in a black BMW sedan and stopped at a red light on Flamingo Road near Koval Lane. A white Cadillac pulled up next to them and opened fire, hitting Shakur four times and grazing Knight in the head. The Cadillac then sped away and was never found. The case remained unsolved for decades, despite numerous theories and speculations about the identity and motive of the shooter.
But now, it seems that we may finally have some answers. Davis's confession, which was part of a cooperation agreement with federal authorities who were investigating him for drug trafficking charges, sheds new light on the case. He claimed that he was in the white Cadillac with Anderson and two other men on the night of the shooting. He said that Anderson was the one who shot Shakur from the back seat of the car, and that he did it as retaliation for the earlier fight at the MGM Grand.
Davis also said that he was offered $1 million by Sean "Puffy" Combs, the founder of Bad Boy Records and rival of Death Row Records, to kill Shakur and Knight. Combs denied any involvement in the shooting and called Davis's allegations "pure fiction". Davis's confession was granted immunity from prosecution for the shooting in exchange for his testimony.
However, in 2023, a grand jury in Las Vegas indicted Davis on one count of murder with a deadly weapon for his role in Shakur's killing. The indictment was based on new evidence obtained by the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (LVMPD), including phone records, witness statements, DNA analysis, and ballistic tests. The indictment also stated that Davis had violated his immunity agreement by lying to federal agents about his involvement in the shooting and withholding information about his co-conspirators.
Davis's arrest marks a major breakthrough in one of hip-hop's most enduring mysteries and brings hope for justice for Shakur's family, fans, and legacy. If convicted, Davis faces life imprisonment or the death penalty. His trial is scheduled to begin in January 2024. Davis is the last living suspect in Shakur's murder, as Anderson, Smith, and Brown have all died from various causes over the years.
The news of Davis's indictment has sent shockwaves through the music industry and beyond. Many are wondering what this means for other unsolved cases in hip-hop history, such as the murder of The Notorious B.I.G. But for now, we can only hope that justice will be served for Tupac Shakur and his loved ones. As for Davis, only time will tell what his fate will be. But one thing is for sure - this case is far from over.
SUPREME COURT JUSTICES CLARENCE THOMAS AND SAMUEL ALITO ARE POSTER BOYS FOR CITIZENS UNITED CORRUPTION
In a world where money talks and politicians listen, it's no surprise that
billionaires have become the new kings of American politics. From Sheldon
Adelson to George Soros, these wealthy individuals have the power to sway
elections and shape policy with their vast fortunes. But who are the real
winners in this game of political chess? The answer might surprise
you.
First, let's take a look at the poster boys for Citizens United corruption:
Supreme Court Justices Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito. These two
conservative justices have been linked to billionaire donors with business
before the court, leading over 40 watchdog groups to call for their recusal
in cases where conflicts of interest arise. But do they care? Of course not.
They deny wrongdoing and reject any calls for them to step down. It's good
to be king.
And speaking of kings, let's talk about the 800 to 1000 billionaires who
are bidding up elections to suit their personal political views. Thanks to
Citizens United, the one who raises the most money wins elections at every
level of American government, down to the local election of a dog catcher.
It's like a twisted game show where the prize is control over the country.
And the losers? Well, that would be all of us.
But don't take our word for it. Check out OpenSecrets, a website dedicated
to exposing Citizens United corruption. You'll see a list of the most active
billionaires supporting politicians in 2023, based on their political
contributions during the 2022 midterm elections. It reads like a who's who
of the ultra-wealthy, with Sheldon and Miriam Adelson leading the pack at
$308.4 million. And that's just the right-wing donors.
The left-wing donors are no slouches either, with George Soros contributing
$128.1 million to political causes in 2022. But it's not just about the
money they spend. It's about the influence they wield. In fact, in the 2022
midterm elections, the top 20 billionaire donors spent more money than the
entire Democratic National Committee. It's enough to make you wonder who's
really running the show.
Of course, some people argue that billionaires are simply expressing their
views and that voters are ultimately free to choose who they want to
represent them. But when you consider how much money these individuals are
pouring into politics, it's hard not to feel like we're all just pawns in
their game.
The impact of Citizens United goes beyond just billionaires and their
pocketbooks. It has also increased the influence of money in politics,
undermined public trust in government, made it more difficult for ordinary
citizens to compete for office, given rise to dark money, and increased
polarization. But hey, at least we can all agree on one thing: it's a great
time to be a billionaire.
So what can we do about it? Well, we could start by calling on Chief
Justice John Roberts to force Justices Thomas and Alito to recuse themselves
from cases where conflicts of interest arise. We could also push for
campaign finance reform that limits the amount of money that can be spent on
elections and requires more transparency in political donations.
But let's be real here. The chances of any meaningful change happening in
our current political climate are about as likely as a unicorn winning the
Kentucky Derby. So instead, let's just sit back and enjoy the show. After
all, it's not every day you get to watch billionaires duke it out for
control of the country. Who needs reality TV when you've got American
politics?
**Most active billionaires supporting politicians in 2023**
The following is a list of the most active billionaires supporting
politicians in 2023, based on their political contributions during the
2022 midterm elections:
**Billionaires supporting right-wing causes:**
* **Sheldon and Miriam Adelson:** $308.4 million
* **Richard Uihlein:** $67 million
* **Ken Griffin:** $66.5 million
* **Stephen Schwarzman:** $47.4 million
* **Patrick Ryan:** $40.6 million
**Billionaires supporting left-wing causes:**
* **George Soros:** $128.1 million
* **Sam Bankman-Fried:** $36.5 million
* **Michael Bloomberg:** $25.6 million
* **Tom Steyer:** $25 million
* **Kathryn Taylor:** $25 million
It is important to note that these are just the top donors, and there are
many other billionaires who support politicians and causes both on the right
and the left.
**How much do these billionaires spend annually?**
The amount of money that these billionaires spend annually on political
contributions varies from year to year, depending on the election cycle.
However, in recent years, they have spent hundreds of millions of dollars
each year. For example, in the 2022 midterm elections, the top 20
billionaire donors spent a combined $880 million.
**Which billionaires support right-wing causes?**
The following billionaires are known to support right-wing causes:
* Sheldon and Miriam Adelson
* Richard Uihlein
* Ken Griffin
* Stephen Schwarzman
* Patrick Ryan
* Charles Koch
* David Koch
* Peter Thiel
* Robert Mercer
* Betsy DeVos
* Paul Singer
**Which billionaires support left-wing causes?**
The following billionaires are known to support left-wing causes:
* George Soros
* Sam Bankman-Fried
* Michael Bloomberg
* Tom Steyer
* Kathryn Taylor
* Laurene Powell Jobs
* Steven Spielberg
* Barbra Streisand
* Reid Hoffman
* Chris Hughes
* Pierre Omidyar
It is important to note that not all of these billionaires support all of
the same causes. For example, George Soros is a strong supporter of
environmental causes, while Michael Bloomberg is a supporter of gun
control.
## Deep dive
The influence of billionaires on politics is a complex and controversial
issue. Some people argue that billionaires have too much influence over
politicians, and that their money can give them an unfair advantage in
elections. Others argue that billionaires are simply exercising their right
to free speech and political participation.
There is no doubt that billionaires have a significant impact on American
politics. In the 2022 midterm elections, the top 20 billionaire donors spent
more money than the entire Democratic National Committee. This gives them a
great deal of influence over which politicians are elected and what policies
are enacted.
Some people worry that the influence of billionaires is undermining
democracy. They argue that billionaires are able to buy elections and
advance their own interests at the expense of the public good. Others argue
that billionaires are simply expressing their views and that the voters are
ultimately free to choose who they want to represent them.
The debate over the influence of billionaires on politics is likely to
continue for many years to come. It is an important issue to consider, as it
raises questions about the role of money in democracy and the equality of
representation in our government.
**Most active foundations and PACs supporting politicians in 2023**
The following is a list of the most active foundations and PACs
supporting politicians in 2023, based on their political spending during
the 2022 midterm elections:
**Foundations supporting right-wing causes:**
* **Leonard Leo Institute:** $195 million
* **American Action Network:** $123 million
* **Club for Growth:** $115 million
* **Freedom Partners:** $92 million
* **Judicial Crisis Network:** $76 million
**Foundations supporting left-wing causes:**
* **Sixteen Thirty Fund:** $410 million
* **Demand Justice:** $30 million
* **Future Forward USA:** $25 million
* **Open Policy Center:** $20 million
* **Sixteenth Street PAC:** $15 million
It is important to note that these are just the top donors, and there are
many other foundations and PACs that support politicians and causes both on
the right and the left.
**How much do these foundations and PACs spend annually?**
The amount of money that these foundations and PACs spend annually on
political contributions varies from year to year, depending on the election
cycle. However, in recent years, they have spent hundreds of millions of
dollars each year. For example, in the 2022 midterm elections, the top 20
foundations and PACs spent a combined $1.8 billion.
**Which foundations and PACs support right-wing causes?**
The following foundations and PACs are known to support right-wing
causes:
* Leonard Leo Institute
* American Action Network
* Club for Growth
* Freedom Partners
* Judicial Crisis Network
* Americans for Prosperity
* Koch Industries
* Heritage Foundation
* Cato Institute
* Family Research Council
* Susan B. Anthony List
**Which foundations and PACs support left-wing causes?**
The following foundations and PACs are known to support left-wing
causes:
* Sixteen Thirty Fund
* Demand Justice
* Future Forward USA
* Open Policy Center
* Sixteen Street PAC
* Center for American Progress
* Sierra Club
* League of Conservation Voters
* NARAL Pro-Choice America
* Planned Parenthood Action Fund
* Emily's List
It is important to note that not all of these foundations and PACs support
all of the same causes. For example, the Sixteen Thirty Fund supports a wide
range of progressive causes, while Demand Justice is focused on judicial
reform.
## Deep dive
The influence of foundations and PACs on politics is a complex and
controversial issue. Some people argue that foundations and PACs have too
much influence over politicians, and that their money can give them an
unfair advantage in elections. Others argue that foundations and PACs are
simply exercising their right to free speech and political
participation.
There is no doubt that foundations and PACs have a significant impact on
American politics. In the 2022 midterm elections, the top 20 foundations and
PACs spent more money than the entire Democratic National Committee. This
gives them a great deal of influence over which politicians are elected and
what policies are enacted.
Some people worry that the influence of foundations and PACs is undermining
democracy. They argue that foundations and PACs are able to buy elections
and advance their own interests at the expense of the public good. Others
argue that foundations and PACs are simply expressing their views and that
the voters are ultimately free to choose who they want to represent
them.
The debate over the influence of foundations and PACs on politics is likely
to continue for many years to come. It is an important issue to consider, as
it raises questions about the role of money in democracy and the equality of
representation in our government.
## Additional information
In addition to the foundations and PACs listed above, there are many other
organizations that support politicians and causes both on the right and the
left. Some of these organizations are well-known, such as the National Rifle
Association (NRA) and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Others are
less well-known, but they can still have a significant impact on elections
and policy outcomes.
It is also important to note that the influence of foundations and PACs can
extend beyond the direct contributions that they make to politicians. For
example, some foundations and PACs fund research and advocacy organizations
that work to promote their causes. Others fund voter registration and
get-out-the-vote efforts.
The influence of foundations and PACs on politics is a complex and
controversial issue. There is no doubt that they have a significant impact
on elections and policy outcomes. However, it is important to remember that
they are just one of many factors that influence the political
process.
The Citizens United ruling has had a number of negative effects on
democracy, including:
* **Increased the influence of money in politics:** The Citizens United
ruling allowed corporations and unions to spend unlimited amounts of money
on independent expenditures, which are communications that are not
coordinated with a candidate's campaign. This has led to a dramatic
increase in the amount of money spent on elections, and has given wealthy
donors and special interest groups a greater say in who gets elected and
what policies are enacted.
* **Undermined public trust in government:** The Citizens United ruling
has eroded public trust in government by creating the perception that the
system is rigged in favor of the wealthy and powerful. This has led to
voter cynicism and apathy, and has made it more difficult for elected
officials to represent the interests of all of their constituents.
* **Made it more difficult for ordinary citizens to compete for office:**
The increased role of money in politics has made it more difficult for
ordinary citizens to compete for office. Candidates who are not able to
raise large sums of money are often at a disadvantage, and may be forced
to make compromises with special interests in order to win
elections.
* **Given rise to dark money:** The Citizens United ruling has also led
to a rise in dark money, which is spending by groups that are not required
to disclose their donors. This makes it difficult to know who is trying to
influence elections, and can make it easier for special interests to
operate in the shadows.
* **Increased polarization:** The Citizens United ruling has contributed
to the increasing polarization of American politics. This is because
special interest groups are often able to use their money to support
candidates and causes that are aligned with their own narrow interests,
even if those interests are not in the best interests of the country as a
whole.
The Citizens United ruling has had a profound impact on American democracy.
It has made it easier for wealthy donors and special interests to influence
elections and policy outcomes, and has eroded public trust in government.
The ruling has also made it more difficult for ordinary citizens to compete
for office and has contributed to the increasing polarization of American
politics.
In addition to the negative effects listed above, the Citizens United
ruling has also been criticized for:
* **Allowing corporations to influence elections as if they were
people:** Corporations are not real people, and they should not have the
same rights as people when it comes to political participation. The
Citizens United ruling gives corporations the ability to influence
elections with unlimited amounts of money, which gives them a significant
advantage over ordinary citizens.
* **Opening the door to foreign interference in elections:** The Citizens
United ruling also makes it easier for foreign governments and individuals
to influence American elections by funding independent expenditures. This
is a serious threat to our democracy, as it could allow foreign actors to
interfere in our elections and subvert the will of the American
people.
The Citizens United ruling has been a major setback for democracy in the
United States. It is important to work to overturn this ruling and to reform
our campaign finance system to ensure that all Americans have an equal voice
in our democracy.
FROM BING AI
Political spending of billionaires in the US. Here are some facts based
on the web search results:
- According to a report by Americans for Tax Fairness, just 27
billionaires have spent $90 million to buy GOP Congress in the 2022
midterm elections². The top donor so far is **Ken Griffin**, who has given
more than $28.5 million to the Congressional Leadership Fund and the
Senate Leadership Fund, two super PACs that support Republican
candidates².
- The same report also found that 19 billionaires have contributed $25.8
million to the House Majority PAC and the Senate Majority PAC, two super
PACs that support Democratic candidates². The top donor so far is **George
Soros**, who has contributed over $128 million to the midterms⁴.
- A majority of billionaire contributions to both parties came from the
finance and investment sector, which benefits from tax loopholes and low
rates². Other industries that were well-represented include
cryptocurrency, tech, media, and real estate².
- Some of the most politically influential billionaires in the US are
**Charles and David Koch**, who have funded conservative and libertarian
causes and groups, such as Americans for Prosperity, the Cato Institute,
and the Heritage Foundation⁵; **Michael Bloomberg**, who has supported gun
control, climate change, and public health initiatives, as well as his own
presidential campaign in 2020⁵; **Tom Steyer**, who has advocated for
environmental and social justice issues, such as NextGen America and Need
to Impeach⁵; **Sheldon Adelson**, who has backed pro-Israel and hawkish
foreign policy agendas, as well as Republican candidates like Donald Trump
and Mitt Romney⁵; and **Rupert Murdoch**, who owns media outlets like Fox
News, The Wall Street Journal, and The New York Post, which have shaped
public opinion and political discourse⁵.
Bing, 9/29/2023
(1) Just 27 Billionaires Have Spent $90 Million to Buy GOP Congress:
Report.
https://www.commondreams.org/news/2022/07/18/just-27-billionaires-have-spent-90-million-buy-gop-congress-report.
(2) American billionaires spent a record $880 million on the U.S ... -
CNBC.
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/03/american-billionaires-spent-a-record-880-million-on-the-us-midterm-elections-.html.
(3) Here Are the Most Politically Influential Billionaires in U.S. - NBC
News.
https://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/here-are-most-politically-influential-billionaires-u-s-n240926.
(4) Meet the 25 wealthiest members of Congress - Business Insider.
https://www.businessinsider.com/wealthiest-members-congress-house-senate-finances-2021-12.
(5) U.S. Billionaires by the Numbers, tracking billionaires' political
.... https://americansfortaxfairness.org/billionaire-politics/.
Information about the political spending of foundations and PACs in the US.
Here are some facts based on the web search results:
- A PAC, or political action committee, is a group that collects and
spends money to influence elections or legislation¹. There are different
types of PACs, such as leadership PACs, super PACs, and foreign-connected
PACs¹.
- Leadership PACs are established by current or former members of
Congress or other prominent political figures to support candidates who
share their views or goals². Some examples of leadership PACs with serious
financial pull include Majority Cmte PAC, which supports Republican
candidates; Eye of the Tiger PAC, which supports conservative candidates;
Democracy PAC, which supports progressive candidates; and EMILY's List,
which supports left-leaning, female, pro-choice candidates²³.
- Super PACs are independent expenditure-only committees that can raise
and spend unlimited amounts of money from individuals, corporations,
unions, and other groups to advocate for or against candidates or issues¹.
Some examples of super PACs with significant spending in the 2020 election
cycle include Senate Majority PAC and House Majority PAC, which support
Democratic candidates; Senate Leadership Fund and Congressional Leadership
Fund, which support Republican candidates; Club for Growth, which supports
conservative and libertarian candidates; and American Bridge 21st Century,
which supports progressive and liberal candidates².
- Foreign-connected PACs are committees that have foreign nationals as
officers or donors, or are affiliated with foreign-owned corporations¹.
They can only accept contributions from US citizens or permanent
residents, and can only make contributions to federal candidates or
parties¹. Some examples of foreign-connected PACs include American Israel
Public Affairs Cmte, which supports pro-Israel causes and candidates;
Americans for Prosperity, which supports free-market and
limited-government causes and candidates; and League of Conservation
Voters, which supports environmental causes and candidates².
- According to OpenSecrets.org, the top 20 PACs by total raised in the
2021-2022 cycle so far are ActBlue ($2.23 billion), WinRed ($1.18
billion), Senate Majority PAC ($398 million), Senate Leadership Fund ($290
million), Congressional Leadership Fund ($261 million), House Majority PAC
($182 million), Democracy PAC ($181 million), Club for Growth ($109
million), Save America ($109 million), EMILY's List ($102 million),
Service Employees International Union ($91 million), Progressive Turnout
Project ($84 million), Americans for Prosperity ($79 million), Make
America Great Again Inc ($73 million), PIC 2021 Inc ($62 million),
Moveon.org ($60 million), League of Conservation Voters ($60 million),
American Israel Public Affairs Cmte ($55 million), American Bridge 21st
Century ($52 million), and National Assn of Realtors ($46 million)².
- The top 20 PACs by total spent in the 2021-2022 cycle so far are
ActBlue ($2.24 billion), WinRed ($1.18 billion), Senate Majority PAC ($388
million), Senate Leadership Fund ($291 million), Congressional Leadership
Fund ($260 million), House Majority PAC ($182 million), Save America ($122
million), Club for Growth ($119 million), EMILY's List ($103 million),
Progressive Turnout Project ($81 million), Service Employees International
Union ($80 million), Democracy PAC ($77 million), Senate Conservatives
Fund ($76 million), Make America Great Again Inc ($73 million), PIC 2021
Inc ($62 million), Moveon.org ($60 million), League of Conservation Voters
($60 million), American Israel Public Affairs Cmte ($55 million), American
Bridge 21st Century ($52 million), and National Assn of Realtors ($46
million)².
Bing, 9/29/2023
(1) Top PACs • OpenSecrets.
https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/top-pacs/2020.
(2) Top PACs • OpenSecrets.
https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/top-pacs/2022.
(3) What is a PAC? Political Action Committee types, explained. - USA
TODAY.
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2022/10/20/political-action-committee-types-explained/10535070002/.
(4) Top PACs • OpenSecrets.
https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-pacs/top-pacs/2020.
(5) Many lawmakers' 'leadership PACs' spend more on fundraising than ....
https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/lawmakers-leadership-pacs-spend-fundraising-political-contributions-report/story?id=80316227.
Information about the negative effects of the Citizens United
ruling on democracy. Here are some points based on the web search
results:
- The Citizens United ruling in 2010 allowed corporations and unions
to spend unlimited amounts of money on political campaigns, as long as
they do not coordinate with candidates or parties¹.
- This ruling has led to the rise of super PACs, which are groups that
can raise and spend unlimited money from any source, including wealthy
individuals, corporations, and foreign entities¹².
- Super PACs have increased the influence of big money in elections,
creating a system where candidates are more accountable to their
donors than to their voters²³.
- Super PACs have also contributed to the polarization and gridlock in
politics, as they tend to support extreme candidates and agendas that
appeal to their ideological base²³.
- The Citizens United ruling has also enabled the use of dark money,
which is money that is spent by groups that do not disclose their
donors or sources¹. Dark money makes it harder for voters to know who
is behind the political messages they see and hear, and how they might
benefit from the policies they promote²³.
- Dark money also undermines the transparency and accountability of
the political system, as it allows special interests to secretly
influence elections and legislation without facing public scrutiny or
legal consequences²³.
- The Citizens United ruling has eroded the trust and confidence of
the American people in their democracy, as they feel that their voices
are drowned out by the wealthy and powerful²³. A recent Pew Research
Center poll shows that almost two-thirds of voters who have heard of
Citizens United say it is having a negative effect on the 2020
presidential election; of those who have heard a lot about them 78%
say the effects of the new campaign finance rules have been negative².
Bing, 9/29/2023
(1) 10 Ways Citizens United Endangers Democracy | Demos.
https://www.demos.org/policy-briefs/10-ways-citizens-united-endangers-democracy.
(2) Four Years After Citizens United: the Good, the Bad, and the Ugly.
https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/four-years-after-citizens-united-good-bad-and-ugly.
(3) The Consequences of 'Citizens United’ - Brennan Center for
Justice.
https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/consequences-citizens-united.
(4) 10 Ways Citizens United Endangers Democracy | Demos.
https://www.demos.org/policy-briefs/10-ways-citizens-united-endangers-democracy.
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